The majority of the total construction cost in typical buildings is attributed to non-structural elements. Recent earthquakes worldwide have seen a significant portion of overall losses linked to the damage sustained by these non-structural components. Even minor ground shaking can lead to damage, impacting the functionality of buildings after earthquakes. Seismic design codes worldwide offer limited guidelines for non-structural elements, potentially contributing to their frequent underperformance during seismic events. To underscore the necessity of implementing seismic regulations and experimental seismic protocols focused on enhancing the seismic resilience of non-structural elements, this presentation outlines:
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